GHS
General Information
- Name:
- chlorine dioxide 0.6-2 % aqueous solutions
- Implementation:
- EU
- State / form of the substance:
- other: aqueous solutions
- Remarks:
- This entry is updated by Regulation (EC) N°790/2009 (ATP1 to CLP), and will enter into force from 01/12/2010.
Classification proposal is consistent with harmonised classification; justification for other categories is based on registration dossier data.
Classificationopen allclose all
Explosives
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Flammable gases and chemically unstable gases
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Aerosols
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Oxidising gases
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Gases under pressure
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Flammable liquids
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Flammable solids
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Self-reactive substances and mixtures
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
Pyrophoric liquids
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
Pyrophoric solids
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Self-heating substances and mixtures
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
Substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Oxidising liquids
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Oxidising solids
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Organic peroxides
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Corrosive to metals
- Reason for no classification:
- inconclusive
Acute toxicity - oral
- Hazard category:
- Acute Tox. 3
- Hazard statement:
- H301: Toxic if swallowed.
Acute toxicity - dermal
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Acute toxicity - inhalation
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Skin corrosion / irritation
- Hazard category:
- Skin Corr. 1B
- Hazard statement:
- H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Serious eye damage / eye irritation
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Respiratory sensitisation
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
Skin sensitisation
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Aspiration hazard
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Reproductive toxicity
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Effects on or via lactation
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
Germ cell mutagenicity
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
Carcinogenicity
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
1. Specific target organ toxicity - single
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
1. Specific target organ toxicity - repeated
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
1.
- Concentration range (%):
- >= 5
- Hazard categories:
- Skin Corr. 1B
2.
- Concentration range (%):
- >= 1 - < 5
- Hazard categories:
- Skin Irrit. 2
3.
- Concentration range (%):
- >= 3 - < 5
- Hazard categories:
- Eye Damage 1
4.
- Concentration range (%):
- >= 0.3 - < 3
- Hazard categories:
- Eye Irrit. 2
5.
- Concentration range (%):
- >= 3
- Hazard categories:
- STOT SE3 / H335
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute / short-term)
- Hazard category:
- Aquatic Acute 1
- Hazard statement:
- H400: Very toxic to aquatic life.
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (long-term)
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
- M-Factor acute:
- 10
Hazardous to the ozone layer
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
- Signal word:
- Danger
- GHS06: skull and crossbones
- GHS05: corrosion
- GHS09: environment
- H301: Toxic if swallowed.
- H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
- H400: Very toxic to aquatic life.
- EUH018: In use, may form flammable/explosive
- vapour-air mixture.
- Note B
- The substance is not PBT / vPvB
- Justification:
- The screening assessment of the available data for Chlorine dioxide indicates that the properties of the substance do not meet the specific criteria detailed in Annex XIII, i.e. it is not P/vP, not B/vB, and not T.Thus, the Chlorine dioxide is not considered a PBT/vPvB.
- Assessed substance:
- Substance itself
- Not P and not vP based on: readily biodegradable
- Remark:
- Studies from Ottaviani et al. (2002) and Belluati (2007) demonstrated that Chlorine dioxide is completely degradated within 37 and 18 min respectively. Chlorine dioxide is completely degradated within few minutes. Chlorine dioxide was found to be readily biodegradable meeting the 10-day window in a OECD 301D.
- Conclusion on P / vP properties:
- not P/vP
- Not B and not vB based on: Log Kow ≤ 4.5
- Remark:
- Low Log Kow and high water solubility and the expected rapid metabolism of chlorine dioxide and chlorite, it is considered that the potential for bioaccumulation is low. Therefore, the substance is not considered to be bioaccumulative (B) nor very bioaccumulative (vB).
- Conclusion on B / vB properties:
- not B/vB
- Not T based on:
- EC10 or NOEC ≥ 0.01 mg/L for marine / freshwater organisms (long-term toxicity):
- Based on results from Gnemi (1996), an LC50(96h) of 0.021 mg/L was determined for chlorine dioxide on the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Chlorine dioxide is acutely highly toxic to fish, it has a short half life in the environment following use, and there is no direct release of the active substance to aquatic systems. Chlorine dioxide in aqueous solution reacts rapidly, abiotically with organic matter and oxidisable metals, generating chlorite, chlorate and ultimately chloride as dominant species. Under the conditions of use, no chlorine dioxide is expected to be found in the environment, however the principal decomposition products, chlorite, chlorate and chloride will be.
For chlorite, short term data are available for fish daphnids and algae. Further data are also available on marine organisms. The most sensitive species is Daphnia magna with a 48 h EC50 of 0.063 mg/L. Algae are less sensitive with an ErC50 of greater than or equal to 0.15 mg/L depending on the species and the least sensitive species tested is fish with toxicity values of >55 mg/L in all species tested, freshwater and marine.
Multiple acute studies are available on chlorate. Chlorate is not acutely toxic to freshwater or marine fish, invertebrates at concentrations up to 1000 mg/L. For algae toxicity no effects were found above 100 mg/L in any Guideline study on unicellular algae. While some effects have been found under certain experimental conditions, this has been due to the nitrate concentration used in the test medium as nitrate is a competitive inhibitor for chlorate and its presence greatly reduces chlorate toxicity. Marine Guideline studies using standard marine media do not find higher toxicity of chlorate to marine unicellular algae than freshwater species. - and substance is not classified as carcinogenic (category 1 or 2), mutagenic (category 1 or 2), or toxic for reproduction (category 1, 2 or 3) according to Directive 67/548/EEC or carcinogenic (category 1A or 1B), germ cell mutagenic (category 1A or 1B), or toxic for reproduction (category 1A, 1B or 2) according to Regulation EC No 1272/2008:
- Chlorine dioxide is not classified as toxic for reproduction, carcinogenic or mutagenic.
- and no other evidence of chronic toxicity, as identified by the classifications T, R48 or Xn, R48 according to Directive 67/548/EEC or specific target organ toxicity after repeated exposure (STOT RE category 1 or 2) according to Regulation EC No 1272/2008:
- There is no other evidence of chronic toxicity.
- Conclusion on T properties:
- not T
- Name:
- chlorine dioxide 0.6-2 % aqueous solutions
- Status:
- other: CLP Regulation, Annex VI Table 3.2.
- Index number:
- ATP last update:
- This entry is updated by Regulation (EC) N°790/2009
- (ATP1 to CLP), and will enter into force from 01/12/2010.
- Remarks:
- Classification proposal is consistent with harmonised
- classification; justification for other categories is based on
- registration dossier data.
- Classification:
- R18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture.
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
- Classification:
- T; R25 Toxic if swallowed.
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Classification:
- C; R34 Causes burns.
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- conclusive but not sufficient for classification
- Reason for no classification:
- data lacking
- Classification:
- N; R50 Dangerous for the environment; Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
- N - dangerous for the environment
- T - toxic
- R25 - Toxic if swallowed
- R34 - Causes burns
- R50 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms
- S1/2 - keep locked up and out of reach of children
- S23.4 - do not breathe vapour
- S26 - in case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
- S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer)
- S36/37/39 - wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection
- S45 - in case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible)
- S61 - avoid release to the environment. refer to special instructions/safety data sheets
- 1. Concentration range (%):
- >= 10
- Classification:
- C; R34 Causes burns.
- 2. Concentration range (%):
- >= 3 - < 10
- Classification:
- Xi; R37/38 Irritating to respiratory system and skin
- 3. Concentration range (%):
- >= 0.3 - < 10
- Classification:
- Xi; R36 Irritating to eyes.
- 4. Concentration range (%):
- >= 2.5
- Classification:
- N; R50 Dangerous for the environment; Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
- PBT assessment
Labeling
Labelling
Hazard pictogram
Hazard statements
Additional labeling requirements
Notes
PBT assessment
PBT assessment: overall result
Study 1
Administrative data
Assessed Substance
Results of detailed PBT / vPvB assessment
Persistence
Evidence of non-P / non-vP properties
Screening criteria
Criteria based on Annex XIII of REACH
Conclusion
Based on the criteria for persistence stipulated in REACH Annex XIII Chlorine dioxide is not considered to be persistent (P) nor very persistent (vP).
Bioaccumulation
Evidence of non-B / non-vB properties
Screening criteria
Criteria based on Annex XIII of REACH
Conclusion
Low Log Kow and high water solubility and the expected rapid metabolism of chlorine dioxide and chlorite, it is considered that the potential for bioaccumulation is low. Therefore, the substance is not considered to be bioaccumulative (B) nor very bioaccumulative (vB).
Toxicity
Evidence of non-T properties
Criteria based on Annex XIII of REACH
Evidence of T properties
Conclusion
Acute EC50 or LC50 values indicate that the toxicity criteria stipulated in Annex XIII are not met for Chlorine dioxide and its decomposition products, chlorite and chlorate. Thus, Chlorine dioxide, Chlorite, and Chlorate are not to be considered to be T due to environmental hazards.
DSD-DPD
Keine Kommentare:
Kommentar veröffentlichen